A ética da responsabilidade: repensando o humano a partir de Emmanuel Lévina

Abstract

The present Scientific Monograph has as its theme The Ethics of Responsibility: rethinking the human from Emmanuel Levinas. The paper raises the following problem: how can responsibility put an end to violence and all other forms of violence? forms of denial of the Other and, in this way, respect their humanity? The monograph has the general objective of reflecting on the ethics of responsibility, as a basis for the valorization of the human from Emmanuel Lévinas. And there is as specific objectives: to contextualize Lévinas' ethical-philosophical project, to discuss the nature of responsibility from Lévinas' perspective and analyze the material condition for the realization of responsibility according to Lévinas. The occurrence of violence and other forms of denial of the Other in our societies has been observed, which makes necessary and urgent to approach the ethics of responsibility concerned with respect for the humanity of the Other man. The approach to the ethics of responsibility in Emmanuel Lévinas has to start from an analysis of the category of subjectivity to establish a notion of it, capable of recognizing the humanity of the Other. The responsibility will be recognized as something open by the face, where it will be recognized as something transcendent and its transcendence will be approached as its nakedness that prolongs itself in the Other's misery. This fact leads the investigation to the study of property where one must address its origin, passing through the enjoyment where selfishness is produced and its role in the relationship with the Other where the notion of generosity arises that concretizes the relationship with the Other. Responsibility as generosity understood as a consequence of the Other's questioning of the Self of enjoyment leads to overcoming of selfishness, founding the ethics of responsibility as humanity itself. The monograph followed the method bibliographical research consisting of reading and interpreting texts by Emmanuel Lévinas, authors and writers important for understanding the topic. The textual hermeneutic technique and comparison were used simultaneously. of the ideas of Lévinas and other authors who address the intersubjective relationship, with a view to finding divergences and convergences regarding their ideas. The monograph comprises three chapters: the first entitled contextualization of Emmanuel Lévinas' ethical-philosophical project; The nature of responsibility: the face as the origin of ethics in Emmanuel Lévinas and the third and last, the analysis of the material condition of responsibility: the role of property in relation to the Other.(TRADUÇÂO NOSSA)