Caracterização da população canina e felina submetida à mastectomia no período de 2013 a 2023 no HEV

Abstract

This report describes the activities carried out during the internship in the period covered between July 3rd and December 23rd, 2023, at the Veterinary Clinical Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the University of Zaragoza and Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Eduardo Mondlane University, and characterization of the canine and feline population subjected to techniques surgical procedures used at HEV for the treatment of breast neoplasms, between 2013 and 2023. During during the internship, 530 animals were treated, including four hundred and ninety (490) dogs (92.45%), thirty and three (33) cats (6.23%) and seven (7) horses (1.32%). Routine activities carried out in the area prophylactic were multiple and anti-rabies vaccinations. The most frequently observed pathologies in the medical clinic were parvovirus, cutaneous myiasis, bite wounds and lameness. To the The most common surgeries were ovariohysterectomies and orchidectomies, and complementary exams The most performed tests were blood count, coprology and ultrasound. This work characterized the population canine and feline undergoing different mastectomy techniques (lumpectomy, simple, regional, unilateral and bilateral) associated or not with ovariohysterectomy in HEV, between 2013 and 2023. The variables were: year of surgery, origin of the guardians, age, breed, size of the animal and macroscopic characteristics of the lesions: anatomical location of the nodule in the breast, size of the nodule, necrosis, ulceration, recurrences and metastases. During the period 2013 to 2023 in HEV, there were nine hundred and sixteen (916) surgeries were performed, of which ninety-five (95) were mastectomies which corresponded to 10.37%. Of the mastectomies performed, eighty-seven (87) were on female dogs associated with fifteen (15) ovariohysterectomies and eight (8) in cats with one ovariohysterectomy. After the removal of the nodules was subjected to pathological anatomy section for histological analysis. Regarding the sex of the animals in the study, only females were affected, presenting in a range aged between 1 and 17 years and of the breeds served, 22 female dogs and 5 female cats were of mixed breeds predominating large (47) and medium (4) sized ones, respectively. As for the location of the nodules, 42 were in the caudal abdominal mammary glands (24 on the left and 18 on the right) and 51 in the inguinal (26 on the left and 25 on the right). In cats, 2 in the left chain of the cranial thoracic gland, right of the caudal thoracic and caudal abdominal. Regarding the dimensions of the nodules, most were >5 cm with 23 cases in the right chain and 20 in the left. The most commonly performed surgical technique was regional mastectomy, 40 in female dogs and 3 in female cats. Of the bitches studied, 47 presented ulcerated nodules and necrotic. Regarding the occurrence of metastasis, it was observed that of the 21 bitches that died presented metastases in regional lymph nodes, lung, trachea, liver, kidney and spleen.(TRADUÇÂO NOSSA)